张蔚 教授
演化基因组学和群体遗传学研究组
北京大学 生命科学学院 教授，博士生导师
电话：
E-mail：weizhangvv@pku.edu.cn
1、 叶形拟态的起源和遗传机理。
2、 昆虫雌雄二型性的决定和发育。
3、 适应性基因渗入的鉴定、功能研究和演化模型。
1. 对亚洲燕尾蝶拟态超级基因的遗传机理和演化历史的研究
玉带凤蝶中雌性特异的贝氏拟态是研究雌雄二型和频率依赖型选择的经典模型，该特征被认为是受到一个孟德尔超级基因控制，但数十年以来该结论一直存在广泛争议。我们分析并最终鉴定了在玉带凤蝶中控制贝氏拟态的超级基因，并发现这是一个在昆虫性别决定中起到关键控制作用的单基因doublesex，其拟态的等位基因通过染色体倒位来维持 （Kunte et al., Nature, 2014）。最近我们将研究拓展到了玉带凤蝶及其近缘物种，证明了超级基因拟态起源于古代的平衡选择，而后续产生的雌性特异的多态性或者单一性状是在不同的谱系中多次起源或表型丢失所致，自然选择和基因漂变都在雌性非拟态表型丢失中发挥了作用（Zhang et al., Nat. Commun., 2017）。
2. 对蝴蝶物种形成、种间杂交和基因渗入的研究
南美袖蝶属的物种多呈现穆式拟态，是研究种间杂交和基因渗入的理想体系。我们对其中的近缘物种进行了基因渗入的研究，发现了种间杂交能够降低在基因组中性位点的分歧度（Kronforst et al., Cell Rep., 2013）。我们对远缘的袖蝶拟态物种进行分析，证明了二者是通过基因渗入来维持拟态表型，并且在全基因组水平构建了远缘袖蝶间的基因渗入图谱，在该研究过程中建立了一套在全基因组水平分析远缘物种间适应性基因渗入的有效流程 （Zhang et al., Genome Biol., 2016）。我们还分析了北美凤蝶近缘种间的基因渗入，研究适应性辐射过程中的适应和物种形成，证明了Papilio appalachiensis这一种间杂交产生的物种具有马赛克式的基因组， 并鉴定了在其杂种物种形成这一适应性演化过程中的目标位点（Zhang et al., Genome Biol. Evol., 2013）。
3. 面向蝴蝶等非模式物种开发研究方法
蝴蝶是生态学与演化生物学的重要研究对象，但其高杂合度的基因组限制了对其进行深入研究的可能性。我们建立了一套有效的拼接高杂合度基因组的流程，将蝴蝶基因组拼接组装至染色体水平，并利用CRISPR/Cas9技术对蝴蝶进行基因组编辑，因此得以在全基因组水平对不同蝴蝶的种间分歧的演化模式进行探索（Li et al., Nat. Commun., 2015）。
4. 揭示帝王蝶翅膀警戒色的遗传机制
帝王蝶是具有代表性的蝴蝶物种，以每年在北美地区的长距离和大规模迁徙、最近在世界范围广泛分布、鲜艳的翅膀警戒色而著称。通过对博物馆馆藏以及现存的帝王蝶进行分析，我们发现了帝王蝶警戒色是由一个单基因控制。该研究是帝王蝶101基因组计划的子项目（Zhan et al., Nature, 2014）。
Zhang W, Lohman DJ. (2024) Uncovering the functional basis of mantids that resemble plants. Sci. China-Life Sci., 67: 215-216.
Yao ZT, Sun XJ, Wu XS, Zhu FQ, Huang JH, Zhang W, Ma WH, Hua HX, Lin YJ. (2024) Functional and evolutionary analysis of key enzymes triacylglycerol lipase, glycogen hydrolases in the glycerol and glucose biosynthesis pathway and cellular chaperones for freeze-tolerance of the Rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis. Int. J Biol. Macromol., 282: 136861.
Wang ST, Girardello M, Zhang W. (2024) Potential and progress of studying mountain biodiversity by means of butterfly genetics and genomics. J. Genet. Genomics, 51: 292-301.
Teng D, Zhang W. (2024) The diversification of butterfly wing patterns: progress and prospects. Curr. Opin. Insect Sci., 61: 101137.
Huang GP, Zhang YB, Zhang W, Wei FW. (2024) Genetic mechanisms of animal camouflage: an interdisciplinary perspective. Trends Genet., 40: 613-620.
Zhang LJ, Shi ZA, Chen ZY, von Rintelen T, Zhang W, Lou ZJ. (2024) Rediscovery and systematics of the enigmatic genus Helicostoa reveals a new species of sessile freshwater snail with remarkable sexual dimorphism. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci., 91: 20231557.
Li FY, Jiang TY, Zhang W, Li SQ. (2024) Ecological trait divergence over evolutionary time underlies the origin and maintenance of tropical spider diversity. Ecography, 2024: e07586.
Zhang YB, Zhu QJ, Shao Y, Jiang YC, Ouyang YD, Zhang L, Zhang W. (2023) Inferring historical introgression with deep learning. Syst. Biol., 72: 1013-1038.
Zeng H, Zhao D, Zhang ZX, Gao HZ, Zhang W. (2023) Imperfect ant mimicry contributes to local adaptation in a jumping spider. iScience, 26: 106747.
Zhang W, Zhang L, Zhang WY. (2023) Editorial: The origination of genetic novelties: New genes, new regulations, and new cell types. Front. Genet., 13: 1118926.
Wang ZC, Sun JN, Gao Y, Xue YW, Zhang YB, Li K, Zhang W, Zhang C, Zu J, Zhang L. (2023) Fusang: A framework for phylogenetic tree inference via deep learning. Nucl. Acids Res., 51: 10909-10923.
Ge DY, Wen ZX, Feijo A, Lissovsky A, Zhang W, Chen JL, Yan CC, She HS, Zhang DZ, Cheng YL, Lu L, Wu XL, Mu DP, Zhang YB, Xia L, Qu YH, Vogler AP, Yang QS. (2023) Genomic consequences and demographic response to pervasive hybridization over time in climate-sensitive pikas. Mol. Biol. Evol., 40: msac274.
Yang WH, Cui JX, Chen YX, Wang C, Yin YZ, Zhang W, Liu SL, Sun C, Li H, Duan YG, Song F, Cai WZ, Hines HM, Tian L. (2023) Genetic modification of a Hox locus drives mimetic color pattern variation in a highly polymorphic bumble bee. Mol. Biol. Evol. 40: msad261.
Wang ST, Teng DQ, Li XY, Yang PW, Da W, Zhang YM, Zhang YB, Liu GH, Zhang XS, Wan WT, Dong ZW, Wang DH, Huang S, Jiang ZS, Wang QY, Lohman DJ, Wu YJ, Zhang LL, Jia FH, Westerman E, Zhang L, Wang W, Zhang W. (2022) The evolution and diversification of oakleaf butterflies. Cell, 185: 3138-3152.
Wu NN, Evans E, Van Schooten B, Meléndez-Rosa M, Ortiz Y, Planas Soto-Navarro SM, Van Belleghem SM, Counterman BA, Papa R, Zhang W. (2022) Widespread gene expression divergence in butterfly sensory tissues plays a fundamental role during reproductive isolation and speciation. Mol. Biol. Evol., 39: msac225.
Wang YQ, Fan YY, Fan D, Zhang YB, Zhou XL, Zhang RK, Wang Y, Sun YJ, Zhang W, He YH, Deng XW, Zhu DM. (2022) The Arabidopsis DREAM complex antagonizes WDR5A to modulate histone H3K4me2/3 deposition for a subset of genome repression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 119: e2206075119.
He JW, Zhang R, Yang J, Chang Z, Zhu LX, Lu SH, Xie FA, Mao JL, Dong ZW, Liu GC, Hu P, Dong Y, Wan WT, Zhao RP, Xiong TZ, Leon-Cortes J, Mao CY, Zhang W, Zhan S, Li J, Chen L Wang W, Li XY. (2022) High-quality reference genomes of swallowtail butterflies provide insights into their coloration evolution. Zool. Res., 43: 367-379.
王姝婷，滕德群，张蔚 (2022) 以枯叶蛱蝶属为例揭示山地生物多样性演化和遗传机制。遗传, 44: 731-732.
Zhang YB, Teng DQ, Lu W, Liu M, Zeng H, Cao L, Southcott L, Potdar S, Westerman E, Zhu AJ, Zhang W. (2021) A widely diverged locus involved in locomotor adaptation in Heliconius butterflies. Sci. Adv., 7: eabh2340.
Teng DQ, Li FY, Zhang W. (2021) Using comprehensive machine-learning models to classify complex morphological characters. Ecol. Evol., 11: 10421-10431.
Sun TH, Song YZ, Teng DQ, Chen YN, Dai JL, Ma MQ, Zhang W, Pastor-Pareja JC. (2021) Atypical laminin spots and pull-generated microtubule-actin projections mediateDrosophilawing adhesion. Cell Rep., 7: 36: 109667.
Feng YQ, Xu HZ, Liu JH, Xie N, Gao L, He YY, Yao Y, Lv FX, Zhang Y, Lu J, Zhang W, Li CY, Hu XL, Yang ZH, Xiao RP. (2021) Functional and adaptive significance of promoter mutations that affect divergent myocardial expressions ofTRIM72in primates. Mol. Biol. Evol., 38: 2930-945.
Yang J, Wan WT, Xie M, Mao JL, Dong ZW, Lu SH, He JW, Xie FA, Liu GC, Dai XL, Chang Z, Zhao RP, Zhang R, Wang ST, Zhang YM, Zhang W, Wang W, Li XY. (2020) Chromosome-level reference genome assembly and gene editing of the dead-leaf butterflyKallima inachus. Mol. Ecol. Resour., 20: 1080-1092.
Mullen SP, VanKuren NW, Zhang W, Nallu S, Kristiansen EB, Wuyun Q, Liu K, Hill RI, Briscoe AD, Kronforst MR. (2020) Disentangling population history and character evolution among hybridizing lineages. Mol. Biol. Evol. , 37: 1295-1305.
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